The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into conservation efforts is revolutionizing how we monitor, protect, and manage wildlife and ecosystems. Here are some of the most promising AI applications in conservation based on recent insights:
1. Biodiversity Monitoring
AI technologies are enhancing the ability to monitor biodiversity through:
- Image and Video Analysis: AI algorithms can analyze images from camera traps to identify and count species, including elusive or endangered animals. For instance, platforms like Wildbook use neural networks to track individual animals within populations, providing accurate population estimates and habitat usage data[1].
- Acoustic Monitoring: AI can process audio recordings to identify species based on their calls, allowing for effective monitoring of bird populations and other vocal wildlife[4].
2. Predictive Analytics for Poaching Prevention
AI is being used to predict poaching activities by analyzing historical data and environmental factors:
- Predictive Models: Systems like the Protection Assistant for Wildlife Security (PAWS) utilize machine learning to identify areas at high risk for poaching based on patterns in previous incidents. This helps rangers allocate their resources more effectively to prevent illegal activities[4].
3. Environmental DNA (eDNA) Analysis
eDNA technology allows for non-invasive species monitoring by analyzing genetic material found in environmental samples:
- Species Detection: AI aids in processing eDNA samples to detect multiple species simultaneously, including rare or hard-to-find organisms. This method is particularly useful in aquatic environments where traditional monitoring methods are impractical[2].
4. Forest Management and Restoration
AI applications are being developed to assist in forest conservation:
- Canopy Measurement: AI can analyze satellite imagery to measure canopy heights and assess forest health, aiding in restoration efforts and monitoring the impacts of climate change[3].
- Digital Twins: The concept of creating digital replicas of forest ecosystems allows for real-time monitoring and simulation of ecological processes, improving management strategies[3].
5. Wildlife Habitat Mapping
AI is enhancing habitat mapping efforts through:
- Satellite Imagery Analysis: Machine learning algorithms can process large datasets from satellites to map habitats accurately, monitor changes over time, and assess the impacts of development or climate change on ecosystems[4].
6. Real-Time Monitoring Systems
Networked sensors equipped with AI capabilities can provide continuous data on environmental conditions:
- IoT Integration: These systems can monitor wildlife movements and habitat conditions in real time, facilitating rapid responses to ecological changes or threats such as wildfires or invasive species outbreaks[2].
7. Crown-of-Thorns Starfish Management
In marine conservation, AI is being used to control populations of harmful species:
- Automated Detection: A machine learning model has been developed to identify crown-of-thorns starfish in real-time video feeds during underwater surveys, significantly improving the efficiency of monitoring efforts compared to traditional methods[5].
Conclusion
The potential of AI in conservation is vast, offering innovative solutions that enhance our ability to protect biodiversity and manage natural resources effectively. However, challenges such as funding, technical expertise, and data quality must be addressed to fully realize these technologies’ benefits in conservation practices. As AI continues to evolve, its integration into conservation strategies will likely become more sophisticated, leading to improved outcomes for wildlife and ecosystems globally.
Sources
[1] Top 10 Sustainability AI Applications – Research AIMultiple https://research.aimultiple.com/sustainability-ai/
[2] The dark side of conservation technology https://www.ignitec.com/insights/the-dark-side-of-conservation-technology-and-how-we-can-make-it-brighter/
[3] Use of AI in Forest Restoration and Conservation – MORFO https://www.morfo.rest/article/ai-forest-restoration-conservation
[4] How AI is transforming conservation – ThinkLandscape https://thinklandscape.globallandscapesforum.org/69628/how-ai-is-transforming-conservation/
[5] Everyday AI: How artificial intelligence is helping conservation https://www.csiro.au/en/news/all/articles/2023/february/how-ai-is-helping-conservation
[6] Explained: How technology can protect the world’s wildlife https://www.fauna-flora.org/explained/what-is-conservation-technology-how-tech-solutions-can-protect-the-worlds-wildlife/
[7] The State of Conservation Technology 2023: Five Key Findings | WILDLABS https://wildlabs.net/article/state-conservation-technology-2023-five-key-findings
[8] Identifying conservation technology needs, barriers, and opportunities – Scientific Reports https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-08330-w
