- Baiting: This is considered one of the most effective and cost-efficient methods for controlling feral pig populations. The use of Sodium fluoroacetate (1080) is common, as it is highly toxic to pigs but less so to native wildlife. Baiting programs often involve pre-feeding to attract pigs and ensure effective uptake of the poison[1][2][3].
- Aerial Shooting: Conducted from helicopters, aerial shooting is a primary control method that can quickly reduce large populations of feral pigs, especially in remote or difficult-to-access areas. It is typically organized by government agencies and is effective when large numbers of pigs can be targeted simultaneously[1][2].
- Ground Shooting: This method is used as a secondary control measure, often following initial population reductions achieved through baiting or aerial shooting. Ground shooting can be conducted by landholders or professional shooters and is often used in conjunction with dogs to locate pigs[2][3].
- Trapping: Trapping is an effective technique for capturing feral pigs, particularly in areas where other methods are impractical. Traps need to be checked regularly, and this method can be labor-intensive but allows for precise control over pig populations without affecting non-target species[1][3][5].
- Exclusion Fencing: This preventative measure involves installing pig-proof fences around valuable assets or conservation areas to prevent access by feral pigs. While effective for protecting specific areas, it requires regular maintenance to ensure its efficacy[1][4].
These methods are often used in combination as part of an integrated management approach to control feral pig populations effectively. Collaboration among landholders and coordinated efforts across landscapes enhance the success of these control programs[3][4].
Sources
[1] Feral pig management – Local Land Services – NSW Government https://www.lls.nsw.gov.au/help-and-advice/pest-control/vertebrate-pest-animals/feral-pigs
[2] Feral pig control – NSW Department of Primary Industries https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/biosecurity/vertebrate-pests/pest-animals-in-nsw/feral-pigs/feral-pig-control
[3] Integrated feral pig control | Invasive animal management | Biosecurity https://agriculture.vic.gov.au/biosecurity/pest-animals/invasive-animal-management/integrated-feral-pig-control
[4] National Code of Practice for the humane control of feral pigs https://pestsmart.org.au/toolkit-resource/code-of-practice-feral-pigs/
[5] Feral pig management in Australia: implications for disease control https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9796028/
[6] A https://www.agriculture.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/invasive.pdf
[7] QLD – National Feral Pig Action Plan https://feralpigs.com.au/qld/
[8] Australia’s silent invaders https://www.science.org.au/curious/earth-environment/invasive-species
